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          <h1 class="post-title" itemprop="name headline">Nginx Linux和Windows安装教程</h1>
        

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        <script src="\assets\js\APlayer.min.js"> </script><h2 id="前言"><a href="#前言" class="headerlink" title="前言"></a>前言</h2><p>本篇文章主要介绍的是Nginx Linux环境和Windows的安装教程。</p>
<h2 id="Nginx-介绍"><a href="#Nginx-介绍" class="headerlink" title="Nginx 介绍"></a>Nginx 介绍</h2><blockquote>
<p>Nginx(“engine x”)是一款是由俄罗斯的程序设计师Igor Sysoev所开发高性能的 Web和 反向代理 服务器，也是一个 IMAP/POP3/SMTP 代理服务器。</p>
</blockquote>
<h3 id="HTTP基础功能："><a href="#HTTP基础功能：" class="headerlink" title="HTTP基础功能："></a>HTTP基础功能：</h3><ul>
<li>处理静态文件，索引文件以及自动索引；</li>
<li>反向代理加速(无缓存)，简单的负载均衡和容错；</li>
<li>FastCGI，简单的负载均衡和容错；</li>
<li>模块化的结构。过滤器包括gzipping, byte ranges, chunked responses, 以及 SSI-filter 。在SSI过滤器中，到同一个 proxy 或者 FastCGI 的多个子请求并发处理；</li>
<li>SSL 和 TLS SNI 支持；</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="IMAP-POP3-代理服务功能："><a href="#IMAP-POP3-代理服务功能：" class="headerlink" title="IMAP/POP3 代理服务功能："></a>IMAP/POP3 代理服务功能：</h3><ul>
<li>使用外部 HTTP 认证服务器重定向用户到 IMAP/POP3 后端；</li>
<li>使用外部 HTTP 认证服务器认证用户后连接重定向到内部的 SMTP 后端；</li>
<li>认证方法：</li>
<li>POP3: POP3 USER/PASS, APOP, AUTH LOGIN PLAIN CRAM-MD5;</li>
<li>IMAP: IMAP LOGIN;</li>
<li>SMTP: AUTH LOGIN PLAIN CRAM-MD5;</li>
<li>SSL 支持；</li>
<li>在 IMAP 和 POP3 模式下的 STARTTLS 和 STLS 支持；</li>
</ul>
<p>…</p>
<p>更多的理论知识这里就不在介绍了，详细的可以查看官方的文档,地址:<a href="http://nginx.org/en/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://nginx.org/en/</a></p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191120174307803.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94dXd1amluZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"><br>上图是关于Nginx的反向代理和负载均衡实现的图，所谓的反向代理就是把客户端的请求通过一定的规则进行分发给后端服务器，负载均衡就是根据制定的策略将请求分发给不同的服务器。Nginx默认的是weight（权重）轮询(默认)，将接收到的请求按照权重分配到不同的后端服务器，权重越大，该服务器分配的请求概率越大，相应请求也就越多，在运行过程如果某一台服务器突然宕机，Nginx检测到之后会自动将该服务器移除，保证请求不会受到影响，个人测试在有宕机的服务器的时候进行访问会有一点卡顿，后续就好了。<br>这里在简单说下正向代理和反向代理的区别，一句话概括：<br><strong>正向代理主要是为客户端发出请求。<br>反向代理主要是为服务端接收请求。</strong></p>
<h2 id="Nginx-Linux安装"><a href="#Nginx-Linux安装" class="headerlink" title="Nginx Linux安装"></a>Nginx Linux安装</h2><blockquote>
<p>nginx依赖于pcre、Openssl和zlib,PCRE作用是让Nginx支持Rewrite 功能。</p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li>PCRE下载地址:  <a href="https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/" target="_blank" rel="external">https://sourceforge.net/projects/pcre/files/</a></li>
<li>Zlib下载地址:  <a href="http://zlib.net/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://zlib.net/</a></li>
<li>Openssl 下载地址:  <a href="http://www.openssl.org/source" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.openssl.org/source</a></li>
<li>Nginx下载地址:  <a href="http://nginx.org/download" target="_blank" rel="external">http://nginx.org/download</a></li>
<li></li>
</ul>
<h3 id="PCRE安装"><a href="#PCRE安装" class="headerlink" title="PCRE安装"></a>PCRE安装</h3><p><strong>1、文件准备</strong></p>
<p>将下载的文件通过ftp进行文件上传到/opt/nginx目录下，没有就新建。<br>然后进行解压，解压命令示例:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>tar zxvf pcre-8.35.tar.gz</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、安装</strong></p>
<p>然后进行解压之后的目录，进行编译安装，输入:</p>
<pre><code>cd pcre-8.35
./configure
make
make install
</code></pre><p>安装成功之后查看版本信息，输入:</p>
<pre><code>pcre-config --version
</code></pre><p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/2019112017030051.png" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<h3 id="Zlib安装"><a href="#Zlib安装" class="headerlink" title="Zlib安装"></a>Zlib安装</h3><p>基本和上述一样。</p>
<p><strong>1、文件准备</strong></p>
<p>将下载的文件通过ftp进行文件上传到/opt/nginx目录下，然后进行解压，解压命令示例:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、安装</strong></p>
<p>然后进行解压之后的目录，进行编译安装，输入:</p>
<pre><code>cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure
make
make install
</code></pre><h3 id="Openssl-安装"><a href="#Openssl-安装" class="headerlink" title="Openssl 安装"></a>Openssl 安装</h3><p>基本和上述一样。</p>
<p><strong>1、文件准备</strong></p>
<p>将下载的文件通过ftp进行文件上传到/opt/nginx目录下，然后进行解压，解压命令示例:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.2q.tar.gz</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、安装</strong></p>
<p>然后进行解压之后的目录，进行编译安装，输入:</p>
<pre><code>cd openssl-1.0.2q
./config
make
make install
</code></pre><h3 id="Nginx-安装"><a href="#Nginx-安装" class="headerlink" title="Nginx 安装"></a>Nginx 安装</h3><p>这个基本也一样。</p>
<p><strong>1、文件准备</strong></p>
<p>将下载的文件通过ftp进行文件上传到/opt/nginx目录下，然后进行解压，解压命令示例:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>tar zxvf nginx-1.6.2.tar.gz</p>
</blockquote>
<p><strong>2、安装</strong></p>
<p>然后进行解压之后的目录，进行编译安装，输入:</p>
<pre><code>cd nginx-1.6.2
./config
make
make install
</code></pre><p>安装成功之后查看版本信息，输入:</p>
<pre><code>/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -v
</code></pre><p>若出现:<strong>Nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1</strong></p>
<p>则说明未安装pcre或安装了未设置软链，安装或者设置器软链即可，命令示例:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>ln -s /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 /lib64/</p>
</blockquote>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191120170323681.png" alt="在这里插入图片描述"><br><strong>3、Nginx命令</strong></p>
<p>测试nginx.conf的配置是否正确命令:</p>
<pre><code>/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t 
</code></pre><p>根据nginx.conf里的配置，启动nginx服务命令:</p>
<pre><code>/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  
</code></pre><p>配置文件热加载命令:</p>
<pre><code>/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload
</code></pre><p>关闭命令:</p>
<pre><code>kill -QUIT `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid` 
</code></pre><p>或找到nginx的进程，然后kill杀死即可，包括nginx的守护进程。</p>
<pre><code>ps -ef | grep nginx
kill -9 pid
</code></pre><p>重启命令:</p>
<pre><code>kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid`
</code></pre><p>Nginx启动成功之后在浏览器直接输入linux的ip便可以直接访问，端口默认的是80，可以不用输入端口！</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191120170641431.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94dXd1amluZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<h2 id="Nginx-Windows安装"><a href="#Nginx-Windows安装" class="headerlink" title="Nginx Windows安装"></a>Nginx Windows安装</h2><p>Windows Nginx安装不需要上述的依赖，直接下载解压运行即可。</p>
<p>Windows Nginx 下载地址: <a href="https://nginx.org/en/download.html?_ga=2.72556755.1143934847.1574131849-1552750179.1574131849" target="_blank" rel="external">https://nginx.org/en/download.html?_ga=2.72556755.1143934847.1574131849-1552750179.1574131849</a></p>
<p>下载界面:<br><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191120171823274.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94dXd1amluZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<p>下载Nginx之后进行解压，双击nginx.exe运行或者在同级目录下cmd输入<code>start nginx</code> 启动。</p>
<p>输入:<code>nginx -s stop</code> 或 <code>nginx -s quit</code>都可以停止nginx，区别就是后者会保存相关信息，前者不会。<br>热加载命令依旧是 <code>nginx -s reload</code>。</p>
<p>Nginx启动成功之后在浏览器直接输入localhost或127.0.0.1便可以直接访问！</p>
<p><img src="https://img-blog.csdnimg.cn/20191120172929128.png?x-oss-process=image/watermark,type_ZmFuZ3poZW5naGVpdGk,shadow_10,text_aHR0cHM6Ly94dXd1amluZy5ibG9nLmNzZG4ubmV0,size_16,color_FFFFFF,t_70" alt="在这里插入图片描述"></p>
<h2 id="其他"><a href="#其他" class="headerlink" title="其他"></a>其他</h2><p>参考Nginx官网: <a href="http://nginx.org/en/" target="_blank" rel="external">http://nginx.org/en/</a></p>
<h3 id="音乐推荐"><a href="#音乐推荐" class="headerlink" title="音乐推荐"></a>音乐推荐</h3><iframe frameborder="no" border="0" marginwidth="0" marginheight="0" width="330" height="86" src="//music.163.com/outchain/player?type=2&id=30474763&auto=0&height=66"></iframe>


<p>原创不易，如果感觉不错，希望点赞或推荐！您的支持是我写作的最大动力！<br>版权声明:<br>作者：虚无境<br>博客园出处：<a href="http://www.cnblogs.com/xuwujing" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.cnblogs.com/xuwujing</a><br>CSDN出处：<a href="http://blog.csdn.net/qazwsxpcm" target="_blank" rel="external">http://blog.csdn.net/qazwsxpcm</a>　<br>掘金出处：<a href="https://juejin.im/user/5ae45d5bf265da0b8a6761e4" target="_blank" rel="external">https://juejin.im/user/5ae45d5bf265da0b8a6761e4</a>　　　<br>个人博客出处：<a href="http://www.panchengming.com" target="_blank" rel="external">http://www.panchengming.com</a> </p>

      
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由<a href="http://www.panchengming.com/" style="color:#258FC6">虚无境</a>创作并维护的<a href="http://www.panchengming.com/" style="color:#258FC6">xuwujing's Notes</a>博客采用<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" style="color:#258FC6">创作共用保留署名-非商业-禁止演绎4.0国际许可证</a>。<br/>
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